Sustainable Enhancement of the Mechanical and Flammability Performances of Keratinous Feather-PP Composites: The Effects of Processing Temperature and Solvent Choice

This paper discusses two major issues: (i) understanding the influence of solvent used for fibre processing to obtain flame-retardant chicken feathers, and (ii) establishing importance fibre–matrix blending temperature before composite manufacturing. Three profiles extrusion die have been taken into consideration: a low-temperature profile (40 °C) (LT-FRCF), medium-temperature (120 (MT-FRCF), high-temperature (200 (HT-FRCF). Due better mixing, tensile strengths medium- specimens improved by approximately 44% 83%, respectively. The cone calorimeter results samples with water as feather modification showed 22% reduction in peak heat release rate compared those ethanol treatment solvent, inferring making process more sustainable lower footprint. research findings provide clear evidence how mixing (extrusion) choice modifying fibres affect composites’ mechanical properties. These insights contribute our keratinous can effectively serve reinforcements polymeric composites.